Cell Biology of Gene Expression/xxxx
National Cancer Institute Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression National Institutes of Health
Cell Biology of Gene Expression
Topology of the Mammalian Genome In Vivo
The vast majority of DNA sequences in the human genome are never expressed. More than 95% of sequences do not encode genes and only a subset of the 40,000 or so genes is expressed at any given time. The topological organization of chromosomes and genomes is a potential regulatory mechanism to ensure efficient and coordinated expression of sets of genes. For example, spatially segregation of inactive genes from active genes, or exposing genes to a nuclear region with a high concentration of particular regulatory factors, can result in altered gene expression. In order to understand how genomes function in vivo, a number of very fundamental questions concerning the topology of genomes and the role genome topology plays in gene expression must be resolved: Are chromosomes arranged randomly within the nucleus? How does genome topology affect gene expression and regulation? What are the dynamic aspects of genome organization in-vivo? We are currently using chromosome painting techniques, in-situ hybridization methods and 3D-reconstruction techniques to address these issues.